EAST PRUSSIA

CHRONOLOGY:

1692: Colochau estate, Schweinitz, Merseburg, Saxony, Friedrich birth place, (APO I-4863; ex.nr.1); Lutheran

1716: Neuendorf, (Nauendorf) Merseburg, Saxony, Friedrick married Rosina Graffenberg of Unterhoellenstein, (2p27; G8.11-3-87; n1)..

This marriage brought the Droessel family into contact with the Salzburg religious refugees and subsequently many Dressel family members married into these families for several Generations.

1717: Rastenburg, East Prussia, Friedrick arrives from either Neuendorff, Saalfeldt, Saxon Meiningen, (p8; 2p17 note 18) or Neuendorff, Saxony, (2p27; n?;APOXXV4-5)

1717: Rastenburg, East Prussia, Friedrick is mentioned as cloth manufacturer, (G? 11-3-87; APO XXV/4-15).

1729-1735:  13 (b) Klein and Gross and Dobnicken 40 (F?) with fields (8 farm buildings) owner Frederick Drossel.
 
Click here to see the original document

1730:   Friedrich does not manage this property himself, it is run by a stewart. (p?). 

1732:

box 4

Friedrick Drossel, 40 years old, from Colochau (now in Rastenburg)

ex. A copy from the state archive of ancient documents in Königsberg, from the collection of Salzburg Documents Rep. 8 nr. 306.

see the original document

1735: see 1729

1737: Willenberg, East Prussia

Friedrich immigrates with his father Peter to Willenberg, leases and reestablishes his cloth mills, (G.5-5-86; G1p ?)

Friedrick and his father were brought to Willenberg by the powerful Lissek family, who were the biggest textile manufacturers in the area,  (G.9-1-86; G.11-3-87; APO I-69).

1737: Willenberg, East Prussia

1761: Friedrick is very active in the development 1761:  of various businesses in the Willenberg area, see pages ?

1761: Willenberg, East Prussia

Friederick died at the age of 69, (G.8-5-86).

"During his life in East Prussia, 1717-1761, Friedrick's immediate families were active in the following professions: 14 persons in cloth manufacturing; 5 persons in cloth dyeing; 1 person in textile trade; and 18 persons in agriculture. For his family, agriculture was but a minor sphere of activity, meant only to support the families and the Willenberg factories in cloth production, (35).   Friedrich was also active in opposing the guilds in Willenberg and supporting new forms of textile production and developing new markets, (36)." (G?)

Notes for Friedrich Dressel:

(n1) Grygier found in the Olysten Archiv that Martin Graffenberg and his wife Margareta nee Kholehoffner were listed as the parents of Rosina. However, this is not possible because Martin Graffenberg who married Margarette Kholehoffner was born in 1693, three years after Rosina's listed birth in 1689. According to Grygier's report dated July 7, 1987, Martin is also listed as Rosina's brother. Although there is no church birth record for Rosina for 1689, since Martin's sisters, Katharina and Margareta are documented as being born Jan. 1, 1688, and his sister Anna documented as being born Oct. 13, 1690, it is possible that Rosina was born in 1689 but not baptized in Wagrain. After analyzing the existing church records at the E.B. Konsistorial archive in Salzburg, the only persons found, date wise that could be the parents of Rosina were George Graffenberg of Unterhoellenstein and his wife Barbara Eder, who were the parents of Martin Graffenberg of Unterhoellenstein.

(n2) The sources given by Grygier for Graffenberg data in the Olystyn national archiv are APO II-2a-14 pages 56, 62, 98, 228, 290, 293, and 330.

Since Grygier was not able to consult the church records at the E. B. Konsistorialarchiv in Salzburg, Austria, and since there often appear members of the same family with the same first names and having the same ages, relationships become confusing. Added to this it must be remembered that many of the documents consulted in Olystyn were written years after the persons in question had left the Salzburg area or were dead by persons who were given genealogical data from second or third sources. Therefore, Grygier’s work must be counter checked with the existing church records and the other available published material.

(n3)  The current archbishop of Salzburg, is a member of the Eder family.

(n4)  Rosina Grafenberg's siblings were:

a. Catharina I, born: 1688; died: 1688; 

b. Margareta, born: 1688, a twin,

c. Anna, born: 1690, married Simon Brandstetter, and lived in Nurnberg, Bavaria, ?             

d. Martin Graffenberg of Unterhoellenstein, born: 1693, married in  1714, Margarethe Khalchoffner, daughter of

George Khalchoffner and his wife Barbara nee Graffenberg.

e. Gertrude, (III.2,6), born circa 1694, married Sabastian Pichler, cloth manufactuer and settled in Tilsit, East Prussia, or settled in Nurnberg, (Germany), where she had assests, (III.2)

Gertrud is also not found in the Wagrain church records but is listed by Grygier as a sister of Martin and Rosina, (where)

f. Catharina, II, (III.4), born 1697, married Andreas Frochmmer and  settled in Ragnit, East Prussia, or Peter Razberg and settled in  Nurnberg, Bavaria, where she had assets, (III.2).

This information was obtained from the Wagrain church registers found at the E.B. Konsistorialarchiv, Salzburg, Austria.

(n6) according the document nr. ? from the ? collection, found in the Ollystyn National Archiv, Poland, " Friedrich Droessel war inhaber von Gross und Klein Doebnicken ===and according to Dr. Grygier's letter dated ???? -----.

According to a letter dated Mar. 15, 1990, from the Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preussisscher Kulturbesitz, their "Generalhufenschoss" collection does not mention an owners title for Friederick Droessel, however the collection contains no information between the years 1715 - 1748. Their collection, "Hausbuch des Amtes Brandenburg Nr. 11, 1722 - 1739 (Ostpr. Fol. 165 b) does contain a sales contract for the year 1726 but does not mention Friedrick Droessel. Therefore, Friedrick could only own the property a few years after 1715 or a few years after 1726 but not after 1745.

Links:

• Sources for Friedrick Karl
• Map showing the Relationship between principal Dressel residences in East Prussia and Poland from the 18th to the 19th century

Daughter of Georg Graffenberg von Unterhoellenstein and his wife Barbara nee Eder von Wesenbuchel of ?, (n1, 2, 3, 4)

The Graffenberg are an old independent fief owning Lutheran family of the Wagrain, Salzburg. During the 1500 the Graffenberg family took their name from the estate they owned on the mountain-Alp called Graffenberg (1,708 meters high.) What name they    used before this is not known at this time. The Graffenberguntain received its name from the family Graf (now called Graf von Schernberg.) who obtained it as a fief estate from the archbishop of   Salzburg after the great "Farmer War" of 1526. The archbishop obtained this property from the famous Goldegg family after they became extinct during the 13 hundreds, (aS.1a,b). At this time the first documented Graffenberg is George who married Barbara and is documented as the father of Margarete Graffenberg who was born Mar. 3, 1627, (aS.2b).

CHRONOLOGY:

16??: Unterhoellenstein or the Untergraffenberg estate,  Wagrain, Salzburg, (p8 note 6; G8.11-3-87), birth place; Lutheran

I712: Saxony, Rosina Graffenberg arrives from Salzburg accompanied by her cousin, Martin Graffenberg von Untergraffenberg, probably to visit their relative Magdalena Grafenberg who in 1707 married Rupert Stranger in Neuendorff, Saxony. It is believed that Martin Graffenberg came to Saxony to discuss the import of flax from the Graffenberg estates, (p8, note 6).

1716: Rosina marries Friederich Droessel, (2p 27; G8, 11-3-87).

This is the last documented date known for Rosina, but since the Droessel family became so involved with the immigrants from  Salzburg in 1732, Rosina's relatives, it is believed she lived at that time and was the instrument that caused this involvement. It is also believed that she moved with her family to Willenberg n 1737.

1732: Rosina's brother Martin Graffenberg von Unterhoellenstein, and his family arrived in Koenigsberg, East Prussia where he intended to remain and invest the money he expected to receive as compensation for his assets in Salzburg, Nurnberg, and Berlin which were confiscated by the Salzburg authorities. A detailed inventory of Martin's assets are to be found in the Olystyn archive, (?).

Also, in 1732, Martin Graffenberg von Untergraffenberg, Rosina's cousin arrived with his family in Koenigsberg, East Prussia with plans  to invest the money he brought with him and the money he expected from  the settlement of his confiscated assets in Salzburg, Nurnberg, and  Berlin, into the textile industry in East Prussia, (2p9,sec.2).     

Frederich and Rosina had 6 children, 4 boys and 2 girls, see Line A,

table 1. and XXIII.???

Owner: Iron, Steel, and Brass Foundries, Founder of the Peter Line

CHRONOLOGY:

1695: born in Gross Roessin, Saxony, (G.11-3-87: APO I-4914; 4863; ex.1nr.?; p16; aO.1)

1721: Peter married in; Saalfeldt, Saxon-Meiningen, (p8.?) or Salzburg, (p16.?) or Neuendorf near Saalfeldt, (wG.?; p17) to Magdalelna Stranger von Oberseithen, (APO II 2a-14), see article  below.

1722: Rastenburg, East Prussia,

Peter and his wife arrive from Neuendorff, (n? Saalfeld) and join his father Peter and his brother Friedrich. Peter establishes a iron and brass smelting plant, (Eisen und Gelbgiesserei) (p8; p16;2 p28; n1).

"Both Friedrick and Peter Droessel choose Rastenburg, East Prussia for  their  original new home because they were convinced by the King's  emissaries that the economic conditions there were favorable for them to establishing their factories. "     

1722: Rastenberg, East Prussia

1732: "Pe. Droessel" is listed as "from Colochau (now) in Rastenberg, (aO.3).

1732: Peter Droessel is listed as "37 years old, from Gross Rossen and assest 80 fl. (Florians), (aO.1, karta 27).

1732: Amt Willenberg, East Prussia

1764:

1. "Peter Droessel" is listed as "from Gross Roe. (and now settled in) Rastenberg, aO.5, karta 7
2. "Pe. Droessel" is listed, aO.5, karta 139.    
3. "P. Dressel" is listed, aO.5, karta 74.
4. "Pe. Dressel" is listed as a "City councillor" aO.5, karta 245.
c.1733-1769: Amt Willenberg, East Prussia
5. "Dressel" is listed as a "Iron smellting Master" aO.6, karta 132.
6. "P. Dressel" is assest 9 fl. (Florians) aO.6, karta 312.

1739: Amt Ortelsburg, East Prussia 

1769:
1. "Pe. Dressel" is assest 25  fl. (Florians) aO.7, karta 33
2. "P. Dressel" is assest 18 fls. (Florians) aO.7, karta 402.
3. "P. Dressel is listed, aO.7 karta 59.
4. "Pe. Dresssel" is assest 25 fl. (Florians) aO.7, karta 207.    
6. "Pe. Dressel" is listed as a "City Couselor" aO.4, karta 29.
7. "Peter Dressel" is listed as "from Gr. R---" and a "City Counselor" aO.4, karta 93.
8. "Peter Dressel" is listed as a "Iron smelting Master" aO.4, karta  217.

Click here to review Prof. Grygier’s Last Report which connects Peter to the historical properties in Saxony

1732: Willenberg, Ortelsberg, East Prussia,

Peter and his family arrive from Rastenburg, and he establishes his iron and brass foundry, (Hutteneisenwerk, Eisengiesserei) p8-9; 2p1, sec.2;

1732: Peter is very active in the development of the iron and brass 1769:  smelting industry in southern Prussia, pages ??   

1769: Willenberg, East Prussia

Peter died at the age of 74, (G? 11-3-87)

NOTES:

(n1)   Since Peter Droessel and members of his family involved themselves in iron and steel industry. see Peter Line (B), Tables III, IVa, IVb, V, VI, VIIa, VIIb. A brief history of the iron and steel industry in Prussia and Poland during the 18th century will be given as background material.

In the l8th century Prussia metal industry was regarded to be of crucial importance for the development of the country's economy and its militarization undertaken by Frederik II. This explains the increase of the production of pig iron from circa l ton in l700 to 20.9 tons in l770, (62,64).  Mercantile-oriented, the Kingdom of Prussia aimed at creating its own industry in the vicinity of the Polish border, capable of competing with the Polish industry established in the l730s.  The iron-works at Wadolek, (37,42), 18 kilometers south of Joannisburg, almost on the border of Poland was built to achieve this aim, because it was near to the newly discovered deposits of meadow ore. Noteworthy is the fact, that the efforts to intensify production in Poland were insufficient and still oriented to the narrow "luxury goods" market. This opened the market for farm machinery and other such products for the new East Prussian industry, (38).

In Prussia most of metal industry was owned and tightly controlled by the state.   Peter Droessel and his descendants were among the very few who owned their own foundries.   The iron-works at Wadolek was a state enterprise with its managers and staff paid by the state.   All the work in metallurgical plants was carried out by permanently or temporarily employed workers; the method of the so-called “order contracts” or “work rates” was followed.  Here, unskilled day labor and highly skilled workers, usually trained in Saxony were used.   The wages in Polish industry were greatly differentiated, depending upon the skill of the workers. That is why many Prussian specialists tried to find work in Poland, (59?).   Yet, it was only after l772 that the Droessels began to move to the Kingdom of Poland.

In the l8th century metal industry high professional qualities were required.  To attract the best workers to the metallurgical industry the Prussian authorities released them from the hated obligatory army service.  The main centers of professional education in metal industry were plants in Saxony, training metal workers and metallurgists not only for metal industry in East Prussia but also for the then forming industry in the Kingdom of Poland (e.g. Count Konstanty Ludwik Plater's industrial center in Kraslaw in Courland which he established in the l760s, and where members of the Stranger family are known to have settled, (see line B table I),( why) (40).  The settlement of the Strangers in the eastern part of East Prussia near Rastenburg, East Prussia and Kiaut and in the Polish Courland (Kraslaw) proves that the settlement policy was centrally directed by the Prussian authorities.  The migration of the Saxon and Salzburg citizens was not spontaneous, (41;  G??)

Link:

• See Dr. Grygier’s original Polish manuscript and the report on the Peter line in Prof. Walaszek’s English translation of Dr. Grygier’s manuscript in the sources section

(note ?; uP.1), lived; 1699-?

Daughter of Michael Stranger von Oberseithen born 1652, and his wife Anna nee Schwarzenegger, born, 1657, (uP.1;             

Michael Stranger, with his family arrived in Koenigsberg, East Prussia in 1732, and shortly thereafter settled in Insterburg, East Prussia, (p8, 2p281).           

In another reference (p16) a Michael Stranger came to Koenigsberg with his family and is listed as a trader.  

The Stranger are an old perhaps ancient fief land owning Lutheran family from the Salzburg, Austria area of German origin. The first documented member is Rupert Stranger of Strangerlehen (Strang) who was born circa 1550. There exist collections of documents which are believed to contain material regarding the Stranger family before 1550 housed at the Salzburg Landesarchiv but they have not been researched. It is not now known whether the Stranger family took their name from the Strangerlehen (Strang) or the "lehen" was named after them, (uP).

The word Strang (Stranger) per se can have many meanings therefore an exact explanation is not possible, (p18).

CHRONOLOGY:

1699: Feb. 13, "Seidlin," (Oberseithen), Wagrain, Salzburg, (aS.b.) birth; Lutheran

It is believed that Magdalena was a younger sister of Rupert  Stranger  who introduced the Droessel-Dressel family to other Salzburg families and thus began the Droessel-Dressel Salzburg connection that would  last 4 generations, uG.?; see note ?. 

1721:  Magdalena at age 22 married Peter.

Magdalena Stranger's siblings were:

a. Rupert Stranger, (III.8), born: (1687), Schwarzenberg estate,  Salzburg, married 1707, Neuendorf, Saxony, to Anna Renke, daughter of  August Renke; He is believed to have moved to the Kraslaw, the Polish Courland in 1754.

Ruppert Stranger is not found in Salzburg Church Records from Wagrain.   Grygier found him in the Olystyn archive as having been born in 1687, on the Schwarzenberg estate, Salzburg, Nr.1. Grygier also states that Magdalena Droessel nee Stranger was the sister of the Rupert Stranger who introduced  her to her husband, Peter Droessel, and that Rupert was married to Peter's sister in law, Rosina Droessel nee Graffenberg's  sister a Magdalena  Graffenberg (there is no church record that Rosina had a sister named Magdalena), but, latter, he also found that Rupert Stranger was married to Anna Renke in 1707, in Neuendorf, Saxony,  (therefore, he could not be the husband of a Magdalena Graffenberg, this is another example of persons of the same family having the same first names being confused with each other)

b. Barbara Stranger, I, born 1691, Oberseithen estate, Salzburg; died: 1705.
c. Rosina Stranger, born: 1693, Oberseithen estate, Salzburg
d. Maria Stranger, born: 1695, Oberseithen estate, Salzburg
e. Paul Stranger, I, born 1702, Oberseithen estate,, Salzburg; died 1703
f. Paul Stranger, II, born: 1703, Oberseithen estate, Salzburg, died 1704.   
g. Anna Stranger, born 1705, Oberseithen estate, Salzburg; died: 1708, h. Anna called Barbara Stranger, II, born 1710, Oberseithen estate, Salzburg; believed to have died after

1743; married 1: Georg Glanner, (Mallwischken), married 2: Glanert Bartel Schaefer, ? (Mallwischken)

The names of Magdalena's siblings and birth dates, Nr. b-h, are taken from; "Gumpold und Stranger" by Helmut Pichottka, 1984, privately published, Stranger Tafel VIII. Grygier gives a similar list of names but gives Neuendorf, Saxony as their birthplace, and gives other persons as the spouses.

Peter and his wife had 6 children, 3 boys and 3 girls, see Line B, table 1.
and XXII. ???

Founder of the Johann Line (Line C, table 1)

CHRONOLOGY:

1718: Johann was born in Neuendorf, Merseburg, Saxony, (p17; 2p17; G.?11-3-87; APO I-4367).       
1732: Rastenburg, East Prussia

"Johann" is listed as "age 14, from Neuendorf, now living in          

Rastenburg," aO.1, karta 40.

1733: Amt Willenberg, East Prussia

1734: Johann Dressel is listed, (aO.6, karta 17).

1735: Koenigsberg, East Prussia, Johann age 17, arrives from Rastenburg, (to learn the cloth dyeing business, which would be an expansion of his brother Frederick’s cloth manufacturing)  p8; p17; 2p28.

1735:  The family sent him to Koenigsberg, East Prussia, which at that time was a significant trading center from where flax linen was exported to almost all European ports, to establish a dyeing work factory, (III.8).   This was a part of the Droessel's family networking plan.   Droessel farms would produce the flax and wool that would be manufactured into linen and cotton in their textile workshops and then send the raw material to Koenigsberg, East Prussia.   It was the family’s intention that Johann was to build a dyeing furnace (Farbeofen).   Under the circumstances Koenigsburg seemed the most appropriate place for Johann to study.   Things did not work out that way and in 1735,? he and his brother Friedrich joined their brother Peter in Willenberg, East Prussia.     

1737: Willenberg, East Prussia, p17. Johann age 19, arrives from Koenigsberg, East Prussia,p9

1739: Amt Ortelsburg, East Prussia

1770: Johann Droessel is assest "11 fl. (Florians)" and is listed as a city property owner," aO.4, karta 411. 

1739: (Willenberg,) Amt Ortelsburg, East Prussia

1774: Johann Dressel is asssest "11 fl. (Florians) " and is listed as a "property owner," (aO.7, karta 411).

1740: Willenberg, Ortelsberg, East Prussia

1791: Co-owner, then latter owner of textile factory, Dye Factory, Charcoal Production Plant and city property, (G1p8; G7 9-1-1986).

"Johann" with the help of his brothers established a cloth dyeing  factory, which also supplied components for the dyeing industry, and charcoal production factory.   Johann, for the rest of his life is  very active in the development of cloth manufacturing, and flax linen production in the Willenberg area, p10; G? 11-3-87.    

1743: Rastenburg or Gross Sodehnen, Phillupoenen kreis Stallupoenen, East Prussia, (p19).

Johann at the age of 25 married Christina Kornberg von Loeflechen, see article below.     

1774: Johann Dressel is listed as "from Neuendorff" and is assest (?) 14 f. (Florians), (aO.7, karta 173).

1791: Willenberg, East Prussia, Johann died at the age of 73, (G?.11-3-87).

Link:

• See Dr. Grygier’s original Polish manuscript and a report on the Johann line in Prof. Walaszek’s English translation of Dr. Grygier’s manuscript
• See Prof. Grygier’s Last Report which connects Johann to the historical properties in Saxony

The Kornbergs* are an old amorous Lutheran estate owning family from the district of ? Salzburg, Austria.   In 1732 they were expelled from Salzburg because they were not giving up their Lutheran faith and convert to Catholicism and their estates were confiscated.  They immigrated to Rastenburg, East Prussia where they invested their money in an estate.

She was the daughter of George Kornberg von Loeflechen, born 1680 and his wife Margareta nee Stainer von Stain, born 1685, (8-9; p18; 2p17 or 28; p19).   In 1732, (n2) Christina and her family arrived in Koenigsberg, East Prussia from Salzburg as refugees via Szczecin and were settled near Rastenburg, (p8; 2p17 note 19), and then moved to Gross Sodenhnen, Pillupoenen kreis Stallupoenen, (p19).

CHRONOLOGY:  

1721: Loeflechen estate, Raurisser, Salzburg, (p8; p18; 2p17 or 28).  birth: Lutheran

1743: Christina at age 22 married Johann.

Johann and Christina had 6 children, 4 boys and 2 girls, see Line C, table 1. (None of his children remained in the Willenberg area.)

Christianna Kornberger's siblings (APO II-2a-9) were:

a.   Anna born l7l3 on the Loeflechen estate, Salzburg; married Wilhelm Blaurock from Gross Schiemanen, East Prussia, a farmer, who owned a 30 hectare farm which contained the local inn.
b.   Elisabeth born l7l6 on Loeflechen estate, Salzburg; married Bogumil Oskierski, cloth manufacturer from Willenberg, East Prussia.
c.   Simon born l7l8, on the Loflechen estate, Salzburg; married Anna Schellong (Szelag), a dyer's daughter from Willenberg, East Prussia.
d.   Matthaeus born l7l8 (Simon's twin brother); married Wilhelmina Ballay, daughter of a cloth manufacturer, from Rastenburg, East Prussia.

For more information on the Kornberger family see "Chronik der Familie von Kornberger" by Heinrich von Kornberger, privately published by Schuricht, 6700 Bludenz, in 1989.

POLISH LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH

CHRONOLOGY:
born: Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
daughter of the Noble Dominick Pozniak, landowner and Wiktorya Szostak

mar: 1772, Aug. 9, Volma, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
s. FUND 937, inventory 4, dyelo 75, page 507 opposite side -508

died: 1773, Oct 2, Kojdajnow, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Anna (Theodora) Dreszelowa died, [no age], buried in parish cemetary.
s: FUND 937, inventory 4, dyelo 93, page 232 opposite side

1773: Oct. 4,
Voluntary entry of giving 20.000 z polskich to Jerzy Dreszel by his wife Theodora Dreszel nee Pozniak.
s: FUND: Aktykacya Listu na Przyznanie Blankietowego od WJP Dreszelowey Chor.
WWXLtty WJMP. Dreszlowi Chor. Bulawy Wielkiej WXLtty. danego. (756)

1773: Oct. 4,
The last will of Theodora leaving everything to her husband, signed by her on Jul. 3, 1773. Additional information is that the father of Theodora nee Pozniak, Dominik Poziak, was already deceased at that time. The 20.000 z polskich was given to her by her father's will as a dowry.
s: FUND: Aktykacya Wieczysta Darowanego Zapisu od WJP Dreszelowey Chor.
WWXLtty WJMP Dreszelowi Mężu Swojemu danego. (757)

died: 1773, Oct. 2, Koydanov, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

1774: Jan. 13,
Jan Konstantynowicz was residing in Starzynki, and he had the knowledge that an attempt to kill Jerzy Dreszel had taken place. He was even giving the names of the people involved in it: Alexander and Konstancya Horainowie Woyscy. They have told everybody around that the Prince Woronecki tries to include Starzynek in the County [Hrabstwo] of Koydanów, that means that he will take over by force the estate from them. They called many noble men to their home for help in protecting their estate, and Jan Konstantynowicz was one of the willing to help. There were about 30 noble men coming. He has resided there in 1773 for two weeks, up to Apr. 24. Jan Konstantynowicz has heard from Harain Woyski that there was a price of 100 zł polskich for the death of Jerzy Dreszel. Tadeusz Rutski and Antoni Borowski, both serving for Woyski, tried a couple oftimes to get the price. They also have received the help to accomplish the goal from Jan Oskirka Zienkiewicz, Jan Daszkiewicz and Mikołaj Downar. During his stay in Starzynki Jan Konstantynowicz didn't see any attempts being made by the Prince Woroniecki to take over Starzynki.
s: FUND: Przyznanie Zapisu Testymonialnego JP Dresselowi Shizacego (1142/1046) 1142(1046).

1774: Feb. 13,
Jakub Rotkiewicz and Adam Skwarkowski they have heard about the hate of Alexander and Konstancya Hbrain toward Jerzy Dreszel, and preparation to harm the health and life of Jerzy Dreszel. Skwarkowski in April of 1773, in the way from Koydanow, going to Nowosiotki, passing on the way to Haraciszek and Skirmintow, discovered the place of ambush, on the left side in Antokarowszczyzna. The ambush was prepared by: Thadeusz Rudzki, Antoni Borowski, and Horain. Even that person who was going to kill Dreszel was going to receive some money. The ambush was set on the main road leading from Skirmintow to Koydany. Skwarkowski saw Dreszel going from Skirmintow to Koydanow and he has stopped him, and informed about the ambush. Then he has helped him to get to Koydanow on the side roads, and that way Dreszel has avoided being killed.

[There is no indication why they wanted to kill Dreszel; it seems like Dreszel was residing in Skirmintow; I've found in the "Stownik Geograficzny Krolestwa Polskiego i Innych Krajow Slowiaiiskich" by Filip Sulimierski a town by the name "Skirmuntowo" in the neighborhood of "Wiertniki" belonging to the parish in "Kojdanow"]

[Towns shown there: Czaple, Nowosiotek, Haraciszki, Skirmintowo, Kurhany, Aplokarowszczyzna or Antokarowszczyzna.]
s. Przyznanie Dokumentu wyznanego JP Dreszelowi Sluzacego. (1044)

1774: Mar. 30,
The oldest brother Wiktor Stępkowski representing also his brothers: Józef and Robert, as well as his sister: Bogumiła; was making an entry, on his free will, as a receipt to Jerzy Dreszel that they don't have any claims to his estate. According to that document Marcin Stępkowski has died in August of 1768. When he was getting married with Magdalena Świętonecka has received from her parents about 10.000 zł polskich, for which they have bought the estate Suła. Jerzy Dreszel married Magdalena Stêpkowska nee Świetonecka in 1769. On Feb. 7, 1770 Magdalena has given Jerzy 4.000 zł polskich. Magdalena has died in 1771. Then Jerzy Dreszel has given for the children 14.000 zł polskich on behalf of the deceased Magdalena.
s: FUND: Przyznanie ugodliwego zapisu od JP Stemkowskiego JP Dreszellowi służącego. (1190)

1775: Jan. 3,
Agreement between the parish priest of Koydany Michał Kordzilewski and Jerzy Dreszel. They both have decided to give up all of the legal procedures against each other and to reconcile with each other.

Data included:
- this was the authorization of representation given to Józef Woroncew and Bogusław Boharewicz from Jerzy Dressel, on Feb. 3, 1775;
- it has mentioned some legal problems with Mr. Antoni Stępkowski involved in the criminal activities against the home of Jerzy Dressel, and his son;
- the place of residence for Jerzy Dressel is given here as Rosewo.
s: FUND: Akt Zapisu Sądowego między JX. Kordielewskim Proboszczem Keydanowskim a WP. Dreselem Chorążym wojsk WXLit. zeszłego prawartego. (12)

1775: Feb. 3,
Przed Aktami niższymi Grodz. Mińsk y Przedemną Felixem Kublickim Piotuchem ... Aktualnym Przysięgłym Grodz, tegoż W. Comparendo personaliter WJP Jerzy Dreszel ChorążyBWWXL Zapis Plenipatencyiny od Siebie WWJPP Józefowi Woroncowi Mostowni. W Mińsk y Bogusławowi Bohazwiczowi Skar. Lidz. dany Służący należ ący, opowiadał prezzeentował przyznał y takową ..... Konstytucyi Novalle lagis w Protokul z Przyznań Grodz. W. Min. Własną Stwierdziwszy ręką Swą prosił mnie Reyenta aby pomieniony zapis ze wszelam w nim Insorowaną ..... był do Xiąg Grodz. Spraw wieczystych W. Mins. przyjêty y wpisany. Jako z Ja Rady ... przy przyiowszy y oglądawszy w Xięgi Grodz. Wieczyste wpisui zhciałem, którego Terior de verbo advorbum Plenipotencyinym Zapisem WW JPP Józefowi Woronicowi Mosto an W Mir. y Bogusławowi Bohurewiczowi Skar. Lidz: danym nato iz Ja Chorąży od lat kilku możąc maiąc Proceder prawny z WJP Antonim Stępkowskim Skar. Betzkim, y dalszemi Ichmemi tako Najazd na Dobra, y Dom moy własny tutaj nazwany w Województwie Miñskim leż ący o poczynione w tych Dobrach, bardziej jak mir przyjacielskie spustoszenie, jako też z powodu takowego Najazdu o przyczynę Srożeni Syna mego w maleństwie z....... go, y o dalsze pretensje w Procederze pre-w.... Wyrażone, a mając wiadomość że WJFHrto no ...... Stępkowski Skarbnik Bełzki pod Tym¿e Procederem Kryminalnem Skarżącym bez zakączenia onego y oczyszczenia Siebie a Prawnemi wywodami waży się mimo Konsytucyjanowe Kolegis Każdemu Obywatelowi o Kryminał Prozekwowanemu of Furibcyą Deputacką Starai się; Przeto Ja Chorąży WWXL dla różnych legalności moich Sam Czas Seymiku Elekcyinego Deputackiego w Mieście Mińsku byæ przytomnym nie mogąc, jeœliby ten z JP. Stêpkowski Skarbnik Betzki czyli Inny kto ospołeczność z Imêią przezemnie pozwany pod taż Konwikcją y Procederem ile już w Kontynuacyi po Inkwizycji i bêdącym na czymi był w Wtwie Mins. Za kandydata do Deputacyi tym burziay za Deputata by podawany y głoszony tedy WWJPP Józef Woronicz Mostown. Mins. y Bogusław Bohaterowicz Kdar. Lidz. jako Plenipotenci w osobie mey actmtatem JPAntoniemu Stępkowskiemu, czyli Jnnemu ospoteczność z Jmęœcią w Procederze mym osbarzonemu na tym że Seymiku w Wtwie Min. tamowai, araci et takowe tamowanie w Kancelarii W. Min. zapisać oraz manifestowaæ się pozwalam y obliguię, który te Plenipotencyiny Zapis przy uproszonych JPP. Pieczętarzach Podpisem Ręki mej własney Stwierdzam. Dat w Mińsku Roku Tysiąc Sedemset Sedemdziesiąt Piątego Dnia Miesiąca Februara Trzeciego litego Plenipotencyinego Zapisu Podpis że które xcete Słowa Jerzy na Rosewie Dressel Chorąży BWWXL dotego Plenipotincyinego Zapisu na rzecz w nim intus Wyrażoną WWJPP Józefowi Woroncowi Mostow W. Min. y Bogusławowi Boharewiczowi Skar. ..Lidz. danego uti Juris Est podpisuje się Adam Sttaw Juchniew..... za ustną Prozą od osoby wraz wyrazoney dotego Plenipotencyynego Zapisu ad Sonantian lagis podpisuię się Jan Komar ... który to Plenipotencyiny Zapisawszy znaniem onego przez wyrażoną osobą iest do Xiąg Grodz. Mins. przyięty y wpisany.
summary:
- this was the authorization of representation given to Jozef Woroncew and Boguslaw Boharewicz from Jerzy Dressel, on Feb. 3, 1775;
- it has mentioned some legal problems with Mr. Antoni Stepkowski involved in the criminal activities against the home of Jerzy Dressel, and his son;
- the place of residence for Jerzy Dressel is given here as Rosevo.
s: FUND: Przyznanie Plenipotencyjnego Zapisu WP Dreszela Chorążego BWWXL. JPP Woroncowi Mostowni Minsk y Bohardowiczowi Skar. Lidz. danego y Służącego. (50)

1775: Apr. 3,
Józef Stępkowski made an agreement entry from himself to Jerzy Dreszell.
Józef Stępkowski: his brother was Robert, his sister Bogumiła (both of them under legal age), they had an estate together with an older brother of Józef - Wiktor. Their father was Marcin Stępkowski. Marcin Stępkowski got married with Magdalena Swiętonecka. and he has received about 9.000 zł. from her parents. That money should go to the children, and under the advise of their mother the farm Suła in the province of Mińsk was obtained, and it should in the future belong to the children. And all the papers about it were by our mother. In August of 1768 our father has died, and he left his widowed wife Magdalena Stępkowska nee Swiętonecka. In 1769 she got married again with Mr. Dreszell, and the estate Suła was under their administration. Then Mr. Antoni Stępkowski, Skarbnik from Bełsk, our father's brother, our guardian, in the process of saving our interests began a legal battle for that estate with the Dreszells. He has send letters regarding that matter to the Dreszells one on Feb. 5, 1770, second on Mar. 19, 1770. Then Antoni Stępkowski together with Józef entered the legal battle for the estate against Mr. Dreszell. On Feb. 7, 1770 our mother has voluntarily given the sum of 4.000 zł to Mr. Dreszell. She has died in 1771. After her death, even though the case was still in the court of Mińsk lead by our uncles (on fathers side), Mr. Dreszell was good for us, he spent a lot for our food, clothing, and schools, he didn't refuse until then to cover all the expenses. Chorąży Dreszell spent for our education 2.940 zł. polskich. My brother Wiktor Stępkowski has received from Mr. Dreszell in 1774, at the time when he was taking care of us, obligation for 2.940 zł. with the due date to repay of Mar. 19, 1775. After we were not able to repay the money, he has extended our due date for one year. The rest of the document is a statement protecting Jerzy Dreszell from being sued again about the money after Magdalena Swiętonecka, and is showing that the estate of Suła will stay with Jerzy Dreszell. There is also mentioned 14.000 zł polskich which was given by the Dreszels to the children of Magdalena.
s: FUND: Przyznanie Zgodliwego approbacyinego Zapisu WP Dreszellowi od JWP Stępkowskiego.... (181)

1775: Apr. 4,
Józef Stępkowski is giving to Mr. Jan Saszycki and Bogusław Bohardwicz the authorization to represent him in the revocation of any rights to the estate claimed by his uncles to be in the possession of Jerzy Dreszell.
s: FUND: Przyznanie Plenipotecyjnego Zapisu od WJP Józefa Stępkowskiego Pourczn. Wid. Mins. WJPPanu Janowi Saszyckiemu Regentowi Ziemskiemu Powiatu Osznind and Bogushwowi Bohardowiczowi Skarbn. Lidzkiemu danego. (185)

1775: Aug. 15,
"Complying with the request of the Landed Deputies, and recommendation of the Hetman of our Forces, the Noble Ludwik de Laveaux, Colonel of the Crown Forces; baron Szlichting, 1st Lieutenant; Jan de Mitchel, Major of the Crown Forces; citizen Henryk Stockheim who is in the Artilery Cour; and Hannibal de Gwirand, captains in the Lithuanian Guard --- we admit to Polish Nobility naturalization Jerzy from Roszew Dressel, Standard Keeper of the Great Baton of the Grand Duchy f Lithuania, Jozef Mezoneff  - and them "cum prole utriusque sexus" as unquestionable naturalized in the Polish Crown and Grand Lithuanian Duchy acknowledged, and after they take for Us the King and the Republic the oath of fidelity under Noble Seals, and present proofs of their noble birth abroad, we recommend our Office to issue their diplomas."
s: FUND: Warsaw, Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania, Polish Sejm, 1773 -1775 Session, Law Nr. ?, p81

1775: Sep. 4, nr. 1
1775. Jerzy Dressel presented himself as Jerzy Dreszell from Roschen.
The Act of Admittance of Jerzy Dreszell for Indiganate, aproved by Sejm on August 15.
s. Akt Testymonium WP Dreszella Chor. WXL. (343)

mar. 3rd: 1775, Sept. 4, Koydanow, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealt

CHRONOLOGY:
born: c.1750, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
daughter of the Noble Michael Janiszewski landowner and the Noble.
mar1: 1775, Sept. 4, Koydanow, Belarus, Lithuania

1776: Apr.28, Koydanow, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Anna Dreszelowna was recorded as the godmother of the bastard Jan Joseph.
s. Fund 937, inventory 4, dyelo 93, page 93 opposite side

1803: Jan. 8, Koydanow, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
An inquisition decree on the case of Anna Yanishevskies Dressel, a chorunzina of the Polish army, against Rossundovskies, etc
s. fund 1730, opis 1, dyelo 56, p. 104ds

1803: Mar 20, Koydanow, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
s. An authorised record on the inquistion decree for the case of Anna Dressel against Rossudovskies ect.

1803: July 11, Koydanov, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
An announcement about the case of Anna Dressel against Yezerskies.
s. fund 1730, opis 1, dyelo 64, p. 216 ds

1803: Nov. 2, Koydamov, Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
An authorized record to call to court, made by Anna Dressel to Yezerskies and Moravsky
s. fund 1730, opis 1, dyelo 64, p. 316 ds

died: According to the investigation regarding the Dressel family made by the Nobility Deputy Commisssion in 1857, since no documentation can be found regarding the family from 1803, it is concluded that the family was killed or disappeared from Belarus during the Neoplilanic Wars

LONG CHRONOLOGY:

1769: Mar. 23,
Authorization from Maksymilian Dyonizy Korybutt Womicki.
s. Akt Plenipotencyi od JW X. JWP Woranieckiego, JnP Dreliszem, Chor. BPWXLs?udze. (569)

1770: Jan. 10,
Maxymilian y Angella nee Miączyńska Prince Korybut Wroniecki, Podkomorzy, where orginally sold the estate Suła to Marcjan Stempkowski and Magdalena nee Świętorzecka Stempkowska, with now belong to Jerzy Dressel
s. Akt Konsensi od JWO Xz?tt Jchm Woronieckich Podkomorzych J...inydanya WJP Dresselem sluga. (833).

1770, Feb. 7,
Magdalena nee Swietorzecka after first husband Stepkowska, from the second marriage Drelszowa, she is giving to Jerzy Drelisz 4.000 zl polskich, the entire estate which she has inherited after her parents, and everything what she was possessing, and half of that what she has inherited after her first husband's death.
s. 843, 846 Zapis Wieczyste Darowany od WJP Dreliszowej Chor. BWWWXLitt dany WJP Dreliszowi Ma??onkowi Swojemu Sluzacy.

1770: Feb. 7,
Jerzy Drelisz is giving his entire estate to Magdalena nee Swietorzecka from the first marriage Stempkowska, from the second marriage Drelisz.
s. Zapis wieczysty Dawszy od WJP Drelsza Chór BWWWXLitt dla WP Drelszowey Malzonce Swey sluzacy. (844)

1773: Oct. 4,
Voluntary entry of giving 20.000 z polskich to Jerzy Dreszel by his wife Theodora Dreszel nee Pozniak.
s. Aktykacya Listu na Przyznanie Blankietowego od WJP Dreszelowey Chór. WWXLtty WJMP.Dreszelowi Chór. Bu?awy Wielkiej WXLtty. danego. (756)

1773, Oct. 4,
The last will of Theodora leaving everything to her husband, signed by her on Jul. 3,
Additional information is that the father of Theodora nee Poniak, Dominik Poniak, was already deceased at that time. The 20.000 z polskich was given to her by her father's will as a dowry.
s. Aktykacya Wieczysta Darowanego Zapisu od WJP Dreszelowey Chor. WWXLtty WJMP Dreszelowi Mu Swojemu danego. (757)

1774: Jan 13,
Jan Konstantynowicz was residing in Starzynki, and he had the knowledge that there was an attempt on the life of Jerzy Dreszel taking place. He was even giving the names of the people involved in it: Alexander and Konstancya Horainowie Woyscy. They have told everybody around that the Prince Woronecki tries to include Starzynek in the community <Hrabstwo> of Koydanów, that means that he will take over by force the estate from them. They called many noble men to their home for he³p in protecting their estate, and Jan Konstantynowicz was one of the willing to help. There were about 30 noble men coming. He has resided there in 1773 for two weeks, up to Apr. 24. Jan Konstantynowicz has heard from Harain Woyski that there was a price of 100 zł polskich for the death of Jerzy Dreszel. Tadeusz Rutski and Antoni Borowski, both serving for Woyski, tried a couple oftimes to get the price. They also have received the help to accomplish the goal from Jan Oskirka Zienkiewicz, Jan Daszkiewicz and Mikołaj Downar. During his stay in Starzynki Jan Konstantynowicz didn't see any attempts being made by the Prince Woroniecki to take over Starzynki.
s. Przyznanie Zapisu Testymonialnego JP Dresselowi Sucego. (1142/1046) 1142(1046)

1774: Feb. 13,
Jakub Rotkiewicz and Adam Skwarkowski they have heard about the hate of Alexander and Konstancya Horain toward Jerzy Dreszel, and preparation to harm the health and life of Jerzy Dreszell. Skwarkowski in April of 1773, in the way from Koydanów, going to Nowosiółki, passing on the way to Haraciszek and Skirmintów, discovered the place of ambush, on the left side in Antokarowszczyzna. The ambush was prepared by: Thadeusz Rudzki, Antoni Borowski, and Horain. Even that person who was going to kill Dreszel was going to receive some money. The ambush was set on the main road leading from Skirmintów to Koydany. Skwarkowski saw Dreszel going from Skirmintów to Koydanów and he has stopped him, and informed about the ambush. Then he has helped him to get to Koydanów on the side roads, and that way Dreszel has avoided being killed. (there is no indication why they wanted to kill Dreszel; it seems like Dreszel was residing in Skirmintów; I've found in the "Słownik Geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i Innych Krajów Słowiañskich" by Filip Sulimierski a town by the name "Skirmuntowo" in the neighborhood of "Wiertniki" belonging to the parish in "Kojdanów")
(Towns shown there: Czaple, Nowosiółek, Haraciszki, Skirmintówo, Kurhany, Apłokarowszczyzna or Antokarowszczyzna.)
s. Przyznanie Dokumentu wyznanego JP Dreszelowi Służącego. (1044)

1774: Mar. 30,
The oldest brother Wiktor Stępkowski representing also his brothers: Józef and Robert, as well as his sister: Bogumiła; was making an entry, on his free will, as a receipt to Jerzy Dreszel that they don't have any claims to his estate. According to that document Marcin Stępkowski has died in August of 1768. When he was getting married with Magdalena Świętonecka has received from her parents about 10.000 zł polskich, for which they have bought the estate Suła. Jerzy Dreszel married Magdalena Stêpkowska nee Świetonecka in 1769. On Feb. 7, 1770 Magdalena has given Jerzy 4.000 zł polskich. Magdalena has died in 1771. Then Jerzy Dreszel has given for the children 14.000 zł polskich on behalf of the deceased Magdalena.
s. Przyznanie ugodliwego zapisu od JP Stemkowskiego JP Dreszellowi służącego. (1190)

Georg Dressel and his wife Anna leased the county of the Kedainiai which did not include possession of the castle,
but they did have their administrative center in the castle.

1775: Jan. 3,
Agreement between the parish priest of Koydany Michał Kordzilewski and Jerzy Dreszel. They both have decided to give up all of the legal procedures against each other and to reconcile with each other.
s. Akt Zapisu Sądowego między JX. Kordielewskim Proboszczem Keydanowskim a WP. Dreselem Chorążym wojsk WXLit. zeszłego prawartego. (12)

1775: Feb. 3,
Przed Aktami niższymi Grodz. Mińsk y Przedemną Felixem Kublickim Piotuchem ... Aktualnym Przysięgłym Grodz, tegoż W. Comparendo personaliter WJP Jerzy Dreszel ChorążyBWWXL Zapis Plenipatencyiny od Siebie WWJPP Józefowi Woroncowi Mostowni. W Mińsk y Bogusławowi Bohazwiczowi Skar. Lidz. dany Służący należ ący, opowiadał prezzeentował przyznał y takową ..... Konstytucyi Novalle lagis w Protokul z Przyznań Grodz. W. Min. Własną Stwierdziwszy ręką Swą prosił mnie Reyenta aby pomieniony zapis ze wszelam w nim Insorowaną ..... był do Xiąg Grodz.
Spraw wieczystych W. Mins. przyjêty y wpisany. Jako z Ja Rady ... przy przyiowszy y oglądawszy w Xięgi Grodz. Wieczyste wpisui zhciałem, którego Terior de verbo advorbum Plenipotencyinym Zapisem WW JPP Józefowi Woronicowi Mosto an W Mir. y Bogusławowi Bohurewiczowi Skar.
Lidz: danym nato iz Ja Chorąży od lat kilku możąc maiąc Proceder prawny z WJP Antonim Stępkowskim Skar. Betzkim, y dalszemi Ichmemi tako Najazd na Dobra, y Dom moy własny tutaj nazwany w Województwie Miñskim leż ący o poczynione w tych Dobrach, bardziej jak mir przyjacielskie spustoszenie, jako też z powodu takowego Najazdu o przyczynę Srożeni Syna mego w maleństwie z....... go, y o dalsze pretensje w Procederze pre-w.... Wyrażone, a mając wiadomość że WJFHrto no ...... Stępkowski Skarbnik Bełzki pod Tym¿e Procederem Kryminalnem Skarżącym bez zakączenia onego y oczyszczenia Siebie a Prawnemi wywodami waży się mimo Konsytucyjanowe Kolegis Każdemu Obywatelowi o Kryminał Prozekwowanemu of Furibcyą Deputacką Starai się; Przeto Ja Chorąży WWXL dla różnych legalności moich Sam Czas Seymiku Elekcyinego Deputackiego w Mieście Mińsku byæ przytomnym nie mogąc, jeœliby ten z JP. Stêpkowski Skarbnik Betzki czyli Inny kto ospołeczność z Imêią przezemnie pozwany pod taż Konwikcją y Procederem ile już w Kontynuacyi po Inkwizycji i bêdącym na czymi był w Wtwie Mins. Za kandydata do.
Deputacyi tym burziay za Deputata by podawany y głoszony tedy WWJPP Józef Woronicz Mostown.
Mins. y Bogusław Bohaterowicz Kdar. Lidz. jako Plenipotenci w osobie mey actmtatem JPAntoniemu Stępkowskiemu, czyli Jnnemu ospoteczność z Jmęœcią w Procederze mym osbarzonemu na tym że Seymiku w Wtwie Min. tamowai, araci et takowe tamowanie w Kancelarii W. Min. zapisać oraz manifestowaæ się pozwalam y obliguię, który te Plenipotencyiny Zapis przy uproszonych JPP. Pieczętarzach Podpisem Ręki mej własney Stwierdzam. Dat w Mińsku Roku Tysiąc Sedemset Sedemdziesiąt Piątego Dnia Miesiąca Februara Trzeciego litego Plenipotencyinego Zapisu Podpis że które xcete Słowa Jerzy na Rosewie Dressel Chorąży BWWXL dotego Plenipotincyinego Zapisu na rzecz w nim intus Wyrażoną WWJPP Józefowi Woroncowi Mostow W. Min. y Bogusławowi Boharewiczowi Skar. ..Lidz. danego uti Juris Est podpisuje się Adam Sttaw Juchniew..... za ustną
Prozą od osoby wraz wyrazoney dotego Plenipotencyynego Zapisu ad Sonantian lagis podpisuię się Jan Komar ... który to Plenipotencyiny Zapisawszy znaniem onego przez wyrażoną osobą iest do Xiąg Grodz. Mins. przyięty y wpisany.
Summary:
- this was the authorization of representation given to Józef Woroncew and Bogusław Boharewicz from Jerzy Dressel, on Feb. 3, 1775;
- it has mentioned some legal problems with Mr. Antoni Stępkowski involved in the criminal activities against the home of Jerzy Dressel, and his son;
- the place of residence for Jerzy Dressel is given here as Rosewo.
s. Przyznanie Plenipotencyjnego Zapisu WP Dreszela Chorążego BWWXL. JPP Woroncowi Mostowni Minsk y Bohardowiczowi Skar. Lidz. danego y Służącego. (50)

1775: Apr. 3,
Józef Stępkowski made an agreement entry from himself to Jerzy Dreszell.

Józef Stępkowski: his brother was Robert, his sister Bogumiła (both of them under legal age), they had an estate together with an older brother of Józef - Wiktor. Their father was Marcin Stępkowski. Marcin Stępkowski got married with Magdalena Œwiętonecka. and he has received about 9.000 zł. from her parents. That money should go to the children, and under the advise of their mother the farm Suła in the province of Mińsk was obtained, and it should in the future belong to the children. And all the papers about it were by our mother. In August of 1768 our father has died, and he left his widowed wife Magdalena Stępkowska nee Œwiętonecka. In 1769 she got married again with Mr. Dreszell, and the estate Suła was under their administration. Then Mr. Antoni Stępkowski, Skarbnik from Bełsk, our father's brother, our guardian, in the process of saving our interests began a legal battle for that estate with the Dreszells. He has send letters regarding that matter to the Dreszells one on Feb. 5, 1770, second on Mar. 19, 1770. Then Antoni Stępkowski together with Józef entered the legal battle for the estate against Mr. Dreszell. On Feb. 7, 1770 our mother has voluntarily given the sum of 4.000 zł to Mr. Dreszell. She has died in 1771. After her death, even though the case was still in the court of Mińsk lead by our uncles (on fathers side), Mr. Dreszell was good for us, he spent a lot for our food, clothing, and schools, he didn't refuse until then to cover all the expenses. Chorąży Dreszell spent for our education 2.940 zł. polskich. My brother Wiktor Stępkowski has received from Mr. Dreszell in 1774, at the time when he was taking care of us, obligation for 2.940 zł. with the due date to repay of Mar. 19, 1775. After we were not able to repay the money, he has extended our due date for one year. The rest of the document is a statement protecting Jerzy Dreszell from being sued again about the money after Magdalena Œwiętonecka, and is showing that the estate of Suła will stay with Jerzy Dreszell. There is also mentioned 14.000 zł polskich which was given by the Dreszels to the children of Magdalena.
s. Przyznanie Zgodliwego approbacyinego Zapisu WP Dreszellowi od JWP Stępkowskiego.... (181)

1775: Apr. 4,
Józef Stępkowski is giving to Mr. Jan Saszycki and Bogusław Bohardwicz the authorization to represent him in the revocation of any rights to the estate claimed by his uncles to be in the possession of Jerzy Dreszell.
s. Przyznanie Plenipotecyjnego Zapisu od WJP Józefa Stępkowskiego Pourczn. Wid. Mins. WJPPanu Janowi Saszyckiemu Regentowi Ziemskiemu Powiatu Osznind and Bogushwowi Bohardowiczowi Skarbn. Lidzkiemu danego. (185)

1775: Aug. 15, Warsaw, Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania,
"Complying with the request of the Landed Deputies, and recommendation of the Hetman of our Forces, the Noble Ludwik de Laveaux, Colonel of the Crown Forces; baron Szlichting, 1st Lieutenant; Jan de Mitchel, Major of the Crown Forces; citizen Henryk Stockheim who is in the Artilery Cour; and Hannibal de Gwirand, captains in the Lithuanian Guard --- we admit to Polish Nobility naturalization Jerzy from Roszew Dressel, Standard Keeper of the Great Baton of the Grand Duchy f Lithuania, Jozef Mezoneff  - and them "cum prole utriusque sexus" as unquestionable naturalized in the Polish Crown and Grand Lithuanian Duchy acknowledged, and after they take for Us the King and the Republic the oath of fidelity under Noble Seals, and present proofs of their noble birth abroad, we recommend our Office to issue their diplomas."
s. During the session of the Polish Sejm, in the years 1773 -1775, Law Nr. ?, p81

1775: Sep. 4, Roczki,
Jerzy Dreszell from Roscheń, who presented himself, showed that he was accepted to receive the indigenat on August 15, 1775.
s. Akt Testymonium WP Dreszella Chor. WXL. (343)

[Jerzy Dreszell gave this information in person, and stated he was from Roscheń, which is a phonetic German word for Rosen. This substantiates the document from the Polish State Archive that stated that Jerzy Dreszell came from Gross or Klein Rosen in Saxony.]

1775: Sep. 4,
It took place right before their marriage. Jerzy na Rosienie Dressel, was going to get 12.000 zł polskich from the parents of his future wife Anna, at the time of his marriage, but he is giving her in this record the total of 20.000 zł polskich in a different investments, in the form of security for her, and on top of that he is giving her 10.000 zł polskich.
Anna Janiszewska - her mother was Felicyanna Janiszewska nee Prussanowska.
s. Przyznanie Reformacyinego Dożywotniego zapisu od WJP Dressela Chorąż. WWXL WJP Annaie Janiszewskiey Ławcznce mał danego. (820)

1775: Sep. 4,
Jerzy and Anna nee Janiszewska Dressel are renouncing the money to which they are entitled of 2.000 złpolskich, and the rights of inheritance to Marcin and Jan Janiszewski: Felicyanna nee Prussanowska Janiszewska, mother ofAnna, and to Marcin and Jan Janiszewski, her sons, and Anna's brothers.
s. Przyznanie wieczyste Kwitacyinego wiecznego zapisu od WWJP Dresselów Chór. WWXLitt WWJP Janiszewskim danego. (822)

1775. Sep. 4,
Jerzy Dressel has given this document to Felicjanna Janiszewska nee Pruszanowska, the mother of Marcin and Jan, in order to assure that his wife Anna Dressel nee Janiszewska, who has received from them 8.000 zł polskich, will receive the promised her 30.000 zł polskich. Jerzy Dressel had at that time two estates in his possession (he was renting them) Matiówiszcze and Suła in the district of Mińsk.
s. Przyznanie Assekuracji od Jpa Dressela .... BW WW Jpm Janiszewskiemu Lu... (824)

1775: Sep. 13,
This document is showing that Ms. Wiktorya nee Szóstak Pozniak, together with her sons, gave her permission to the marriage of her daughter Teodora and Jerzy Dreszell. After the death of Jerzy's wife, Teodora Dreszell nee Pozniak, who was the daughter of Wiktorya Pozniak. It was said that the marriage in 1772 took place without the permission ofMs. Wiktorya Pozniak, or her sons, which she is stating that it was not true, and she has not only given her permission to it, but also blessed the married couple.
s. Akt Dokumentu wyznanego, poświadczającego do WPP Pozniakowey Podkomorzym, .... Dreszellowi Choron. Kyd. W.W.X. Lttgo wydanego. (352)

1775: Oct. 14,
Anna nee Janiszowska Dreszel is shown there as the wife of Chorąży Dreszel.
s. Zeznanie Intromisyi na Hrabstwa Keydanowskie na Osoby WWJPP Dreszelów, Chr. Jkrę ożeniony. (377-378)

1776: Feb. 9  Sula estate, Lithuania,
Letter from Jerzy Dressel to Prince Karol Stanislaus Radziwill,  (Panie Kochanku) regarding legal and estate matters, a3.2c.

1776: Mar. 20,
According to that document Jerzy Dressel and his wife Anna were obligated to pay every years for the next two years 13.000 zł polskich for renting the land that they were on from Maxymilian Dyonizy y Aniela nee Mięczyńska Korybut Woronieckich. It seems like they took the possession of the land after Radziwiłłs. They were guaranteed to stay on the land to the end of their lives, but they had to pay the rent directly to the family Woroniecki.
s. Aktykacja Prawa Dwuletniego Aydownego od JWX Joh. Woronieckich Podkom IdŸ. WWJohPP Drosselom danego. (528)

1776: Mar 27,
Letter informing about the taxes from the city of Keydany, from which only the castle was excluded. (591) 528
s. Aktykacja Prawa Dwuletniego Aydownego od JWX Joh. Woronieckich Podkom IdŸ. WWJohPP Drosselom danego. (528)

[LAST EDIT]

1776: Oct. 23, Sula estate, Lithuania

Letter from Jerzy Dressel to Prince Karol Stanislaus Radziwill, regarding estate matters and birthday good wishes, a3.2c. 

See exhibit ? for a copy of the original text.

1777: Mar. 22  Przyznanie do inwencyiny między WWJMP Jerzym Dreszelem a Glinskim Obersztt. W.W.X. Litt. (848, 849)

Przyznanie do inwencyiny między WWJMP Jerzym Dreszelem a Glinskim Obersztt. W.W.X. Litt.

1777: Mar. 22 Agreement between Krzysztof from Glinnik Gliński, the Evangelic priest, and Jerzy Dreszel about providing the Prince Woroniecki with the amount of 30.000 zł polskich each, and if they would not be able to collect the money in taxes from others, then they will put the difference from their own pockets.

There wasn't any additional information useful for the research from there.

1777: Mar. 22  Aktykacya Plenpotencyi od Jaśnie Oświeconych Xiążąt Korbutów

Podkomorzych Im Panu Dresselowi dany. (854)

Aktykacya Plenpotencyi od Jaśnie Oświeconych Xiążąt Korbutów Podkomorzych Im Panu Dresselowi dany.

1777: Mar. 22 Entry done by Maxymilian and Angela nee Mionczyñska Korybutowie Woronieccy are giving the city Of Keydanów and the entire Hrabstwo (county) to manage to Jerzy Dreszel Chorąży Buławy Wielkiej Wielkiego Xięstwa Litewskiego.

1777: Mar. 24  Przyznanie Prawa Arędownego od WJP Wałukowicza Sędzi Ziem. M.

WWJPP Dreszelowi Chr. WXLitt. służącego. (910, 912)

Przyznanie Prawa Arędownego od WJP Wałukowicza Sędzi Ziem. M. WWJPP Dreszelowi Chr.

WXLitt. służącego.

Mar. 24, 1777.

Thadeusz Wałukowicz, Sędzia Ziemski W.M. Mińsk is renting his estate of Horodaczno, in the district of Oszmiańsk, for the amount of 3.000 zł polskich to Jerzy Dreszel and Anna nee Janiszewska Dreszel, for one year.

1777: Mar. 24  Prawo Arędowne Raszne od WJP Bykowskiego Chór. Wtt M. y Sta.

eolskiego WUJPan Dreszelem Ch Bll WWXtt Litt dane. (914, 916)

Prawo Arędowne Raszne od WJP Bykowskiego Chor. Wtt M. y Sta. Colskiego WUJPan Dreszelem Ch Bul WWXtt Litt dane.

1777: Mar. 24 Stefan z Jaxów Bykowski, Starosta Colski, is renting (letting to use it) Łyczyca, in the district of Nowogródek for 4.500 zł polskich, for the period of time of one year (to Apr. 23, 1778).

1777: Oct. 6  Zapis Assekuracyiny Zapisu od WJP Świętęrzeckiego .... WJP Droszelowi

Chr.Bułł. WW XttLitt. (93)

Zapis Assekuracyiny Zapisu od WJP Święterzeckiego .... WJP Droszelowi Chr.Bułł. WW XttLitt.

1777: Oct. 6 Kazimierz Święterzecki, Starosta Miński, for the sum of 500 zł polskich for the parcel with everything on it in Mińsk, located on the Żylicka St., which he has inherited after the death of his father Franciszek Święterzecki, has put it as collateral to Jerzy Dreszel.

1775-1778: Between these years, Jerzy swore the oath of alligeance to the King and the Republic and presented the proof of his noble birth abroad to the Vice-chancellor of the Grand Dutchy of Lithuania,

1777: Tax Records from the Kojdanow, Sula and the Makowiszcze estates, these records show that Jerzy Dressel, Standard Bearer of the Great Baton of the Duchy of Lithuania was the lessee of the above estates and the amount of money he paid in various taxes, a3.2a.

1778: Mar. 1, Jerzy Dressel's lease contract to manage the Kojdanow, Sula and Makowiszcze estates was terminated by the Prince and Princess Karol Stanislaus Raziwill, (a3.2b).

1778: Mar. 24,  Akt Kurtacyi od JOXcia Imć Woronieckiego Podkom. JNMęż. W Imć Panu Dresselowi Chór. Buławy WXLit. daney. (1331)

Akt Kurtacyi od JOXcia Imć Woronieckiego Podkom. JNMęż. W Imć Panu Dresselowi Chor.

Buławy WXLit. daney.

1778: Mar. 24

Affirmation of the legal procedures taken by Jerzy Dressel protecting the lands that he was on, in the Hrabstwo Keydanowskie (Reczki), by the Prince Woroniecki.

1778: Apr. 9  Akt Assekuracy od W. Piotucha Miecz. Rzeczyc. W Dreszelowi Chór.

Buł. WWX Litt. wydany. (457)

Akt Assekuracy od W. Piotucha Miecz. Rzeczyc. W Dreszelowi Chór. Buł. WWX Litt. wydany.

1778: Apr. 9, Antoni Kublicki Piotuch, Mieczny Rzeczycki, premises, for his help, to Jerzy Dreszel 9% of the income from the estate of Makowiszcze, belonging to the county (Hrabstwo) Keydany, when he will take the possession of the new estate of Cielakowo.

1778: Aug. 25  Dekret Ziemski w Sprawie WW Janiszewskich. (652)

Dekret Ziemski w Sprawie WW Janiszewskich.

1778: Aug. 25 Marcin Janiszewski, Łowczy, Adam Janiszewski, Podstoli Smoleński, his wife Anna Janiszewska nee Szwejkowska; her father was Jerzy Szwejkowski, Chorąży Nowogródzki. It is about the estate after Jerzy Szwejkowski.

1778: Aug. 29  Plenipotencyi od WJPP Stępkowskich Panu Dreszelowi danego. (882,

883)

Plenipotencyi od WJPP Stêpkowskich Panu Dreszelowi danego.

1778: Aug. 29, Wiktor and Józef Stępkowscy, and Robert brothers; Antonina nee Brzozowska Stempkowska, aunt, and Józef Stempkowski, uncle. These are the people mentioned in the document, referring to the estate after their grandparents. The second part of the document is just supporting the previously signed documents, that they don't have any claims to Jerzy Dreszel's estate.

1778: Nov. 18  Warsaw, Polish and Lithuanian Commonwealth
Jerzy received the indigent from the King Stanislaus granting him Polish nobility and recognizing his foreign noble birth, a2;a3.1.

"Indigenat is the act of naturalization which gave a foreigner of noble birth the same rights as those enjoyed by Polish nobles.   The beginnings of this legal institution can be traced back to the first years of the 16th century, a period during which also appears the incolatus, i.e. the form of naturalization applied to foreign burgers and Jews.   Persons receiving a grant of indigenat or the incolatus may be compared to the naturalization of our time, were obliged to swear an oath of fidelity to the King and the Republic.   The history of the indigenat can be divided into two distinct periods; the first lasting until the death of the King of the Jagiellonian dynasty, Sigismond II August, in 1572, and characterized by the fact that Kings could confer this privilege by their own right; and the second when Poland was ruled by elective Kings (1573-1795), during which persons naturalized as noblemen were subject to certain conditions stipulated by law, and the approval of Parliament had to be obtained before the letters issued by the chancellery of Poland or Lithuania could become valid." p23.

Konarski states in his Dressel report, (u8). "The "Indygenat" is the name of the document that states that the Seym (only the Seym was authorized to do so) will now include the foreign born nobleman, mentioned in the document, among the members of the Polish nobility.

So, this is a kind of naturalization, but a naturalization that only pertained to a nobleman.   When someone obtained the Indygenat through a Seym resolution, which had to be published, this nobleman had to now swear the oath of loyalty to the Republic and to the King before the Chancellor.   Usually, he became a citizen after three years but in some exceptional cased (eg. war service) this period of time was reduced or cancealed. Generally, it was difficult to obtain the Polish Indygenat.

The Polish Seym issued only three hundred and ten Indygenats from its inception to the last partition of Poland.

Only military men could obtain the Indygenat easily, thanks to the intercession of the Hetman, which was probably the situation in the George Dressel case."

Copy of the Original Indigenat

Below is a translation of the original indigenat document;

"In the name of Our Lord, Amen. In eternal remembrance We, Stanislaus August, the King in grace of God, of Poland, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, of Ruthenia, Prussia, Mazovia, Samogita, Kiev,  Volhyn, Podole, Podlasie, Inflantes, Smolensk, Siewierz and the Czernichow lands make this announcement in this diplomatic letter that now and in the future it should be known to all and everyone.  It's usual for all monarchs ruling over nations, to luster their rule with justice and favors given to their subjects.  Therefore, we, acting accordingly, show our goodness and grace.  To prove this, we made it public in the Sejm that began in 1773 and ended in 1775, in the presence of Denators, Ministers and Delegates of Lands, the merits of the born (Noble) Jerzy of Roszewo Dressel, a standard-bearer of the Grand Lithuanian Kingdom.  We recognize his achievements and we fulfill the requests of the others.  And so, we issue this indygenat to the born (Noble) Jerzy of Roszewo Dressel and we include him and his descendants to polish nobility.  And, we confirm with this diplomatic letter, his true nobility of our countries. We also give all the privileges of the nobleman to the born (Noble) Jerzy of Roszewo Dressel and his descendants of both sexes.   They can use those privileges according to the constitution.  Born (Noble) Jerzy of Roszewo Dressel and his descendants of both sexes can use the coat of arms that was in use of the family but in a form and color shown here.  On the black shield two half-moons golden, upturned from each other, four golden stars, in shape of a cross.  From a golden helmet of a nobleman, two hands stretched out, in black cloth, on a golden stick a standard holding, black, on which also two half-moons and four stars, as on the shield.  This little standard is turned to the right.   This is to be used always in the future, as described.  We not only give this right, but also include this coat of arms to other coats of arms of Polish and Lithuanian nobility.  This is to be used on all shields, standards, paintings, houses, graves, rings, and any household properties, in peace and war. As other noblemen of Poland and the Grand Lithuanian Dukedom use their coats of arms, this one should be used to horror family members of sexes, laity and clergy.  Jerzy of Roszewo Dressel and his descendants are granted all the rights and privileges of the nobility of our two nations and all countries.  All the authorities should respect their rights. This letter confirms jour will. The Vice-chancellor of the Grand Lithuanian Dukedom accepted the oath of the born (Noble) Jerzy of Roszewo Dressel.  We confirm it with the seal, on the 18th day of the month of November, AD 1778, 15th year of our rule."

(signed)    Stanislaus August, King

1779: Mar. 27  Sula, Lithuania, Letter from Jerzy Dressel to Prince Karol Stanislaus Radziwill  in which he asks the Prince and Princess for their help with the legal difficulties he is having with the Investigating Commission to which he was summoned to appear in May in Nowogrodek to handle these problems. He states that during all the years of his having the leases, he only earned a little more than three thousand Polish Zloties for his work. That his only other income was from the management of the property he received through dowry. And that he knows that he fairly served their Highnesses during all those years, (a3.2b).

1779: April 29  Kojdanow, Lituania

  Letter from Jerzy Dressel to Adam Michal Chmara, (public prosecutor in Lithuania) telling him that as many plums that were possible to pick up were sent to Siemkowo.   And asking him to come to court in May to make a judgment in his case and for which appearance Jerzy would be most grateful, (a7.1).

1779: Nov. 2  Aktykacya Listu Dyplomatycznego od Nayiaśniejszego Regnanta WJP Jerzemu Dreszelowi Chorążemu Buławy WWXLtt wydanego, (l77)

Aktykacya Listu Dyplomatycznego od Nayiaœniejszego Regnanta WJP Jerzemu Dreszelowi Chorążemu Buławy WWXLtt wydanego.

1779: Nov. 2, The document or the indigent which was given is showing the acceptance into the nobility of Jerzy na Roszewie Dreszel. According to it the indigenat was given to Dreszel during the last meeting in Sejm, which took place between 1773-1775. The letter is also stating that Jerzy na Roszewie Dreszel has the right to use the same coat of arms, which hê was using for a long time before getting the indigenat.                               

1779: Nov.2, Minsk, Russia, The Indigenat granted by the former Polish King, Stanilaus August to Yuriy (Jerzy) Dressel was entered into the Court Record of the Minsk providence with a description the Droessel-Dressel Coat of Arms, a9.1.a.

1785: Mar. 22 ..nie Kwitancyi od Jerzego Dressela Chor. Buł. Późniakom Stoln. Pułkowonikowi y Sędziemu Ziem. .... wydany. (199)

..nie Kwitancyi od Jerzego Dressela Chor. Buł. Późniakom Stoln. Pułkowonikowi y Sędziemu Ziem..... wydany.

1785: Mar. 22, Jerzy Dressel has made an entry in the records regarding 20.000 zł polskich to Ignacy, Antoni, and Franciszek Poźniak, the brothers of his first wife Teodora Dressel nee Późniak. The 20.000 zł polskich he has received from his wife Teodora on July 20, 1773.

Jerzy Dressel is giving up the legal procedures undertaken against the brothers of his late wife.

<some parts of the copy of the document are so light in color, that they are impossible to read>

1788: Mar. 20  Przyznanie Wiecysto Kwietacyinego Dokumentu od WP Dreszela

JOXMości Woronieckiey Wydanego. (159) Przyznanie Wiecysto Kwietacyinego Dokumentu od WP Dreszela JOXMości Woronieckiey Wydanego.

1788: Mar. 20 Jerzy Narusewicz jDreszel, Jerzy na Roszowie Dreszel and his wife Anna nee Janiszewska, sold/transfer the rights of Suła to Angela nee Miączyńska from first marriage Radziwiłł, from the second Woroniecka. The transaction took place on

1788: Mar. 19

1788: Jun. 25  Akt Testamentu od Zeszłego Dressela dla Sukcessorów Zostawionego.

(The last will from the departed Dressel left for his successors.) (364)

Akt Testamentu od Zesztego Dressela dia Sukcessorów Zostawionego.

(The last will from the departed Dressel left for his successors.)

1788: Jun 25, In front of the City Records in the Province of Minsk, Presented himself Mr. Jan - Kryriski. The last will from the late Mr. Dressel Standard-Keeper Bt. Pin. in the Military of the Wo.Xa.Littgo, left to his successors and to the records entered, and the following words he has expressed in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, between the life which is still given to me from the Highest Lord, and the death which every living person has to take into account, and especially one whose strength is weak, and who is obligated to expect it any time. Therefore I, at the time when the Lord's goodness, is still allowing me to be aware and to have a common sense, am giving you the condition of my Business and my Estate, which is worth in money and in real estate, but in the most part in the obligations, which I will try to specify below. They will be in the right claims from the people who will own the money to me or to my successors. I obligate, and appeal to the scrupulosity of the character and dependability and WW their people's right reasons which I'm expecting from you for my successors, and I'm stating the following:

First of all the sum of 1.500 złoty red (czerwony) is owned to me by Mr. Jan Grabowski, Starosta Dembowski; second, from Mr. Pruszanowski, the Land Judge (Sędzia) in the District of Rzeczyck, 600 zł czerwony; third, from Mr. Judycki, General Lieutenant of the Military in the WoXaLittgo, the obligations are in the hands of my friend. Priest Woyna, the Canon in Smoleńsk, the parish priest of Derwiany, together with the interest they should be in the amount of a few hundred złoty czerwony, counting from the date of issuance of the obligations. Fourth, 3.000 zł polskich (Polish zł) in one obligation from Mr. Józef Stempkowski; Fifth, 2.000 zł polskich from Mr. Jozef Stempkowski, what was given by me to Mr. Wiktor Stempkowski, and are to be taken back. Both of the obligations are in the possession of Mr. Streherowicz, my Palestrant and Plenipotent in the Courts of Nowogrodek, and until the next court session they will be there; Sixth, the sum from the Jews in Radoszków, for what the court order has been made in the Province of Mińsk; Seventh, the sum of the late payment from the Jews in Kaydanów, which was awarded by the court on Jun. 24, of the current year, as a deposit to Mr. Wróblewski, according to a Decree of the Treasury Commission of WoXoLittgo, it should be paid as soon as he will get it, and this payment should be made as soon as the money will go throughout the hands of Mr. Kostrowicki ad Complementum the awarded sum of 100 zł czerwone, and put it together with the money from Mr. Buywid, for my grain sold by him in Minsk, and give it to Mr. Wróblewski, and for me, and at the same time for my successors, the repetitions of the money own to me by the Jews from Kaydanów, to be paid by the Princes JWPa. Woroniecka, Podkomorzyni, as a Mrs. who has been twice in the Commission, as well as imposed on the Jews Decrees of that Commission to receive the sums from the Jews, which were as a deposit given by me. According to the received cards from the Jews and other people from Kaydany, who still own me money, appropriate proceedings should be made, excluding only one card of Perta the Jew market seller from Koydany, from whom the card was received and given to Older Priest of Bonitratels in Minsk. The card should be given back to her, because she has paid me most of that what she has owned me, from the rest what ever might be profitable to my successors they should try to recover the money; Eight, the sum of 2.030 zł polskich from Mr. Stefan Kerkozowicz, basing on the assurance which I've received from him, from whom I have also many cards for the money which I've lent to him, of a few hundreds of the zł polskich, for what I have the prove; Nine, further I'm coming to the other part of my estate which is located in the claims complains against Mr. Kazimierz Zawisza, Military Captain, for the wrongdoings against me, I've rightfully brought against him, in the amount of 25.000 zł polskich, in the city of Stonim. With a good conscious, besides the proves from Inquisition and verification, I was providing sworn statements signed by my hand, so when this case went to the court of appeal, and still is not brought to an end. If the death wouldn't allow me to finish it, then I'm obligating to continue it my dear wife WJ. Mrs. Anna Dressel nee Janiszewska, as well as WW Guardians I would like to ask for the Honor and protection for the orphans. At the same time there should be 14.000 zł polskich "in tractu" of the Oredowna Possession in the six years of Czemichów and from the lacking, and the assistance of the servants residing there, and they were not given back to me according to the conditions of the contract signed with Mr. Rossadowski, Podstoli. Then I would like to ask my Friends for a further assistance in that matter, to satisfy my complains. I did also have in the Oredowna Possession the city of Koydany, and I did have an Steward there, Mr. Tomaszewski, whom the Princess Woroniec took away with her, and therefore Mr. Tomaszewski didn't make me the necessary inventory of the money owned to me by others, therefore I would advise my successors with the protection of the Guardians to ask Mr. Tomaszewski for the list of my possessions in Koydany as well as my debtors, and ask him to recover my possessions in Koydany, and to return it rightfully to my successors. In such situation and spread of my estate I'm making my next decision about it. First of all, my dear wife Mrs. Anna nee Janiszewska Dressel, living with whom I've experienced the feeling of love and the marriage favor, so the belonging to her 10.000 zł polskich, should be given to her from the first received money, of which recovery I've spoken, regarding the Referma Confermiter, about the before marriage promises, I'm with the last will protecting them, counting on that, that the left after me my dearest begotten with my wife our children, son Piotr, and daughters: Antonina Tekia Felicyanna and Wiktorya, and the expected one because of the condition in which I'm leaving my dear wife, pregnant, not taken away from the mother's love, basing on the National Laws and on her Motherly Goodness, will also experience the happiness. My entire estate reformed before my wedding entries, which I was able to have until now, will be given and entered, also with this last will to my dear wife Anna nee Janiszewska Dressel, it has to serve her, but no longer than until her death, and then it has to be given entirely to my children begotten with her, but only after when from my first marriage with Mrs. Teodora nee Poźniak Dressel I have my only child with her, a daughter Mrs. Angela Dressel. For her, when expect the feelings and Fatherly Blessings, which I'm giving to her and asking for the same from our Lord, I couldn't state the size of her estate, and the request of my dear late wife of 27.000 zł polskich, which I was able to recover from the Poźniak family after our marriage, we should have receive much more from them, but I was tired of the processes, and forced by the circumstances I had to finish at that. The rest of the claims to WW Poźniak, her uncles, or quitting because she is also free to do that, my business and will is to fulfill the request other mother, which I've received just a few years ago, with the specified estate will go to her, with the obligation of the love to her brother and sisters, and the patience and support given to the process of the recovery of the spread out common estate. The rest of the left over estate, the sum of three parts for my son Piotr, or if there will be born a son from my pregnant dear wife Anna, then three parts of the left over estate from the previous division, which is and will go to them. Maybe among which the money which are left on an interest by General Judycki, the sum for my son could be given, or if there will be born an other son, for whom I hope, then I'm giving it to both of them. Regarding my personal property, all of my bachelor's belongings: arms, clothes, saddles I'm giving it to my son, or if there will be a second son born, then to both of them. The horses, cow barn, and other cattle, and the kitchen accessories, and other personal property, if my life will be too short to make a list of these things; Then I'm giving it to my dear wife Anna, authorizing my dear neighbors to make a list of all of my personal things and equipment, and the list signed by them will be preserved to the time when our children will grew up. Leaving for the life time use the cattle through the winter, and six horses and four mares, the rest of the horses and cattle, goats, and sheep I'm ordering to sell before winter, for the right price, and the received money to appropriate for the help in education and taking care of the children. The further personal things, especially silver, clocks, mirrors, tin, copper, cars, I'm allowing my wife to use in bringing up the children. I would advise and order to protect them and to save them, especially these which are more precious and respectful. If there the things and equipment would need some special care, then having my special trust and friendship for me as well as for my children, I would ask for assistance my relative Mr. Proszyliski Podkomorzy in the Province of Minsk; Wo J Mr. Proszyńiski Podstarości Sadowy Grodzki, in the Province of Minsk, and having for me the friendship and the sincere friend Mr. Bohuszewicz the City Judge in the Province of Minsk, also Kaspra Kostrowieckiego Podczaszy in Minsk; my brother-in-law who is also the executioner of my last will, whom I'm asking and choosing, and giving him the privilege of taking care and protection the left orphans of mine, I'm sincerely asking J.O. Prince Maciej Radziwiłł, Podkomorzy WXLitt, and JW Mr. Józef Judycki Straż. W, and General Lieutenant of the Military in WXLitt, and Mr. Janiszewski Lowczyc in the Province of Minsk, the brother of my wife and the uncle of my children, and to their protection and consideration I'm leaving. I'm also asking for the protection and help of J.O. Princess Weroniecka for my offsprings, asking for her charity. Concluding I would like to ask all of them with whom I shared this life, and maybe I was not pleasant to some, all of them I would like to ask for forgiveness of the human imperfection, and especially the closest companion, my wife, and my dear children, departing I'm rising my heart and my hands to my God, I sinful, asking for forgiveness of my sins, and for the blessing which will come from the fatherly love, that they will with the compassion and goodness united with God, I'm recommending myself for your memory and prayers, and asking the God for your happiness. I'm giving my soul to God, and my body I would like you to bury in my parish church in Wołmieńsk, I would like to be buried with the offering in the Holy Ceremony. For the funeral needs, my wife Anna could cash the cards from whomever received by me, and in this last will not listed, and I'm instructing my wife to cash them, and to pay from them fairly to our servants. To the shepherd of that place. Priest Gruszecki, I'm giving my mortal body and my immortal soul, Amen. This last will in the presence of the verbally asked and the stamp givers, I was signing with my own hand - Date in Suła on Jun. 19, 1788. This last will was written on 1 1/2 pages long, covered in red silk, and stamped with the coat of arms on the red sealing-wax equally on the end of each page, and on the last page by the stamp there is a signature of the person whose last will it was, is shown there only one time in order to establish its regularity, and the signatures of the witnesses such as/LS/ Jerzy na Roszewie Dressel Chor. B.P.Woysk WoXaLitto, to this last will as a witness signed his name Tadeusz Minkowski Bohuszewicz Rottud Wa Minsk: verbally and directly asked as a witness by WoJPa Jerzy Dressel Chor. Woysk WoXaLittgo to this last will according to the law is signing his name Józef Suryn Barszczewski, who has this last will according to the will of the mentioned person is entered into the City Real-Estate Register in the Province of Minsk. Extract for free was given, taken morivo by widow and the orphans are Kazinowe Wielagd of Pisarz (writer, clerk) Wańkowicz. S. Bohuszewicz.

1788: Aug. 4 the notice was given to Mr. Wróblewski. 10.000 zł polskich he would like to give to his dear wife Anna nee Janiszewska Dressel.

Children which he has had with her:

son: Piotr; daughters: Antonina Tekia Felicjanna Wiktoryia; one more child on the way.

The entire estate he is giving to his wife, until her death, and then to his children.

To the child being born from his first marriage with Teodora nee Pozniak, Angela Dressel, 27.000 zł polskich which he <Jerzy> has received from the Pozniak family, it should have been more. The rest divide; and three parts should go to his son Piotr, and if there will be an other son, after the pregnancy will be over, then the same for the second son. The brother of his wife was: Janiszewski Lowczyc, his first name was not given. His parish church was in Wołmieńsk, where he wished to be buried. 1789: Jul. 21  Aktykacja Kwitów Dwuch od WW Dresselów Starozakonnemu Perconi Zaszmenowiczowi Obywatelu Koydenowskiemu wydanych. (497)

Aktykacja Kwitów Dwuch od WW Dresselów Starozakonnemu Perconi Zaszmenowiczowi Obywatelu Koydenowskiemu wydanych.

1789: Jul. 21, The Jew Pereś Zaszmenowicz presented a receipts received from Mr. Jerzy Dreszel; the first received on May 24, 1778 signed by him, and the second on Jul. 15, 1789 signed by his wife Anna Dreszel.

(That would indicate that Jerzy Dreszel would have died before Jul. 15, 1789.)

1794: Nov. 21/Dec. 2  Akt Dokumentu Kwietacyinego z odebrania Summy Czer=Dwu Tysięcy Trzechset Sześćdziesiąt Dziewięciu od Onufrego Dworzeckiego Rottm=Min= Antoniemu y Anieli z Dreselów Ratyńskim Stat=Sieniacd; wydanego. (676)

Akt Dokumentu Kwietacyinego z odebrania Summy Czer=Dwu Tysięcy Trzechset Sześćdziesiąt Dziewięciu od Onufrego Dworzeckiego Rottm=Min= Antoniemu y Anieli z Dreselów Ratyńskim Stat=Sieniacd; wydanego.

1794: Nov. 2/Dec. 2

Onufry Dworzecki made an entry to Antoni Ratyński and Aniela Ratyliska nee Dresel, that he has received 2.363 pieces of Holland's gold for the lease of his estate Waciszek in the county of Iwienick/Iwieniec.

1802: Dec. 2  Minisk, Russia Yuriy (Jerzey) Dressel and his son Peter were recognized as nobles by the resolution of the Nobility Deputy Commission of Minisk and entered into the first part of the Nobility Genealogical Book, s.a9.2.

1839, June 28  Minisk, Russia.  The Nobility Deputy Commission noted from its review of the Dressel file that it was incomplete.   Some of the papers were missing including the baptism certificate of Peter Dressel.   It was believed that they were lost during the destruction of the archive in 1812 or during the fire of 1821, s a.9.1.b

1856: Jan. 19  Minisk, Russia

The Nobility Deputy Commission determined that since nothing has been heard from the Dressel family since 1802, inquires should be made in the various government offices for information regarding the Dressel family. s a.9.1.c.

1857: May 15  Minisk, Russia The Nobility Deputy Commission concluded that the search for information regarding the Dressel should end since nothing has been found and that the Dressel file should be sent to the archives for storage, sa.9. 1.d. (unknown series of image files go here.  Original directory and site maintained.  Discovered 2/8/2005) The Janiszewski coat of arms is called Dabrowa (insert this coat of arms)

NOTES:

(n1) Standard Bearer of the Great Baton of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a military rank in the Calvary Regiment called the Great Baton in the Lithuanian army. Konarski, u8., states that since the idigenat document of 1775 describes Jerzy Dressel as a Standard Bearer in the Great Baton Regiment, and since all the letters that we have signed by Jerzy Dressel are signed as a Standard Bearer, then it is to be deducted that Jerzy Dressel was still in the army between 1775 and 1779, or perhaps in an inactive duty position.

(n2) Joseph Dressel asked Danuta Opinska, one of Poland's leading authorities on handwriting to analysis one of Jerzy Dressel's letters from 1776 with the hope that she would be able to tell something about the man, Jerzy Dressel. The analysis was completed and dated June 8, 1987, Warsaw.  Below is a translation of her report which is been found in the Droessel-Dressel Archive.

“The Conclusions of the Analysis of Jerzy's Dressel's Handwriting

The text was written carefully, readable, in accordance with the Polish orthography principles from the XVIII century.   Those principles concern calligraphy, inclination angle to the basic horizontal line, proportions between individual elements and the size of letters, modulations and arrangement of the text.  The first word of the text begins with letter "P" , that was drawn in form of letter ornament, that indicates a good calligraphy schooling.  The repetition of some features concerning the letters that occur frequently, for example, D, P, W, and Y points o a good and stabilized writing habit which must have been the result of calligraphy exercises.

Conclusions Concerning the Language and Style.

The language and style of the test and the way of thought expression in the writing is characteristic feature for the people with a good education and manners.   Such letters were written by members of families who enjoyed the respect of society. The style is clear, brief with courtesy phrases relating to the addressee.  The writer of this letter had a great regard and respect for the addresses.

Conclusions Concerning the Character Features and Personality of the Writer.

The writer appears to be a mature man between 50 to 65 years of age.   He had a good education and he writes like a noble man.   His personal character features are: integrity, reliability, friendliness, hospitality and a serious attitude toward life.   He trusted friends; he respected them for their position but also expected the same respect from them.  He appreciated the spoken word and opinions about people (?) He gave to his family the feeling of stabilization and financial security.   He was in good health, a hard working and reliable person. He had a sense of humorous, love for order and a great aesthetic appreciation.   He tended to financial success but not at any price.   His morality did not accept any vileness.   The weakest point of his health would be heart disease in older age.

He loved to be appreciated, respected and to attract attention in company." 

n3.

(n3.) Pilnacek, (p24.1), assigns the Dabrowa coat of arms to the Janiszewski family.

Link:
Sources for Georg

SAXONY

CHRONOLOGY:

????:

CHRONOLOGY:

????:

CHRONOLOGY:

Marriage: Anna Dorothea v. Kosenitz(unknown image goes here)

Marriage 2: Sophie Elisabeth von Dransdorff